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Compare Sierra Leone (2007) - El Salvador (2001)

Compare Sierra Leone (2007) z El Salvador (2001)

 Sierra Leone (2007)El Salvador (2001)
 Sierra LeoneEl Salvador
Administrative divisions 3 provinces and 1 area*; Eastern, Northern, Southern, Western* 14 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Ahuachapan, Cabanas, Chalatenango, Cuscatlan, La Libertad, La Paz, La Union, Morazan, San Miguel, San Salvador, Santa Ana, San Vicente, Sonsonate, Usulutan
Age structure 0-14 years: 44.8% (male 1,349,878/female 1,400,297)


15-64 years: 52% (male 1,531,763/female 1,664,996)


65 years and over: 3.2% (male 92,360/female 105,268) (2007 est.)
0-14 years:
37.68% (male 1,198,623; female 1,151,584)

15-64 years:
57.27% (male 1,693,865; female 1,878,254)

65 years and over:
5.05% (male 142,345; female 172,991) (2001 est.)
Agriculture - products rice, coffee, cocoa, palm kernels, palm oil, peanuts; poultry, cattle, sheep, pigs; fish coffee, sugar, corn, rice, beans, oilseed, cotton, sorghum; shrimp; beef, dairy products
Airports 10 (2007) 83 (2000 est.)
Airports - with paved runways total: 1


over 3,047 m: 1 (2007)
total:
4

over 3,047 m:
1

1,524 to 2,437 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2 (2000 est.)
Airports - with unpaved runways total: 9


914 to 1,523 m: 7


under 914 m: 2 (2007)
total:
79

914 to 1,523 m:
17

under 914 m:
62 (2000 est.)
Area total: 71,740 sq km


land: 71,620 sq km


water: 120 sq km
total:
21,040 sq km

land:
20,720 sq km

water:
320 sq km
Area - comparative slightly smaller than South Carolina slightly smaller than Massachusetts
Background The government is slowly reestablishing its authority after the civil war from 1991 to 2002 that resulted in tens of thousands of deaths and the displacement of more than 2 million people (about one-third of the population). The last UN peacekeepers withdrew in December 2005 leaving full responsibility for security with domestic forces. A new civilian UN mission - the UN Integrated Office in Sierra Leone (UNIOSIL) - was established to support the government's efforts to consolidate peace. The most pressing long-term threat to stability in Sierra Leone is the potential for political insecurity surrounding elections in July 2007. El Salvador achieved independence from Spain in 1821 and from the Central American Federation in 1839. A 12-year civil war, which cost the lives of some 75,000 people, was brought to a close in 1992 when the government and leftist rebels signed a treaty that provided for military and political reforms.
Birth rate 45.41 births/1,000 population (2007 est.) 28.67 births/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Budget revenues: $96 million


expenditures: $351 million (2000 est.)
revenues:
$1.8 billion

expenditures:
$2.2 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1999 est.)
Capital name: Freetown


geographic coordinates: 8 30 N, 13 15 W


time difference: UTC 0 (5 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
San Salvador
Climate tropical; hot, humid; summer rainy season (May to December); winter dry season (December to April) tropical; rainy season (May to October); dry season (November to April); tropical on coast; temperate in uplands
Coastline 402 km 307 km
Constitution 1 October 1991; subsequently amended several times 23 December 1983
Country name conventional long form: Republic of Sierra Leone


conventional short form: Sierra Leone


local long form: Republic of Sierra Leone


local short form: Sierra Leone
conventional long form:
Republic of El Salvador

conventional short form:
El Salvador

local long form:
Republica de El Salvador

local short form:
El Salvador
Currency - Salvadoran colon (SVC); US dollar (USD)
Death rate 22.64 deaths/1,000 population (2007 est.) 6.18 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Debt - external $1.61 billion (2003 est.) $4.1 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission: Ambassador Thomas N. HULL


embassy: Corner of Walpole and Siaka Stevens Streets, Freetown


mailing address: use embassy street address


telephone: [232] (22) 515 000 or [232] (76) 515 000


FAX: [232] (22) 225471
chief of mission:
Ambassador Rose M. LIKINS

embassy:
Boulevard Santa Elena Final, Antiguo Cuscatlan, La Libertad, San Salvador

mailing address:
Unit 3116, APO AA 34023

telephone:
[503] 278-4444

FAX:
[503] 278-6011
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission: Ambassador Ibrahim M. KAMARA


chancery: 1701 19th Street NW, Washington, DC 20009


telephone: [1] (202) 939-9261 through 9263


FAX: [1] (202) 483-1793
chief of mission:
Ambassador Rene Antonio LEON Rodriguez

chancery:
2308 California Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 265-9671

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Dallas, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, and San Francisco

consulate(s):
Boston
Disputes - international as domestic fighting among disparate ethnic groups, rebel groups, warlords, and youth gangs in Cote d'Ivoire, Guinea, Liberia, and Sierra Leone gradually abate, the number of refugees in border areas has begun to slowly dwindle; UN Mission in Sierra Leone (UNAMSIL) has maintained over 4,000 peacekeepers in Sierra Leone since 1999; Sierra Leone considers excessive Guinea's definition of the flood plain limits to define the left bank boundary of the Makona and Moa rivers and protests Guinea's continued occupation of these lands including the hamlet of Yenga occupied since 1998 with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras and Nicaragua likely would be required
Economic aid - recipient $343.4 million (2005 est.) total $252 million; $57 million from US (1999 est.)
Economy - overview Sierra Leone is an extremely poor nation with tremendous inequality in income distribution. While it possesses substantial mineral, agricultural, and fishery resources, its economic and social infrastructure is not well developed, and serious social disorders continue to hamper economic development. Nearly half of the working-age population engages in subsistence agriculture. Manufacturing consists mainly of the processing of raw materials and of light manufacturing for the domestic market. Alluvial diamond mining remains the major source of hard currency earnings accounting for nearly half of Sierra Leone's exports. The fate of the economy depends upon the maintenance of domestic peace and the continued receipt of substantial aid from abroad, which is essential to offset the severe trade imbalance and supplement government revenues. The IMF has completed a Poverty Reduction and Growth Facility program that helped stabilize economic growth and reduce inflation. A recent increase in political stability has led to a revival of economic activity such as the rehabilitation of bauxite and rutile mining. El Salvador is a struggling Central American economy which has been suffering from a weak tax collection system, factory closings, the aftermaths of Hurricane Mitch of 1998 and the devastating earthquakes of early 2001, and weak world coffee prices. On the bright side, in recent years inflation has fallen to single digit levels, and total exports have grown substantially. The trade deficit has been offset by remittances (an estimated $1.6 billion in 2000) from Salvadorans living abroad and by external aid. As of 1 January 2001, the US dollar was made legal tender alongside the colon.
Electricity - consumption 227.9 million kWh (2005) 3.638 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (2005) 208 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (2005) 460 million kWh (1999)
Electricity - production 245 million kWh (2005) 3.641 billion kWh (1999)
Electricity - production by source - fossil fuel:
45.65%

hydro:
41.01%

nuclear:
0%

other:
13.34% (1999)
Elevation extremes lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m


highest point: Loma Mansa (Bintimani) 1,948 m
lowest point:
Pacific Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Cerro El Pital 2,730 m
Environment - current issues rapid population growth pressuring the environment; overharvesting of timber, expansion of cattle grazing, and slash-and-burn agriculture have resulted in deforestation and soil exhaustion; civil war depleted natural resources; overfishing deforestation; soil erosion; water pollution; contamination of soils from disposal of toxic wastes; Hurricane Mitch damage
Environment - international agreements party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification
party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
Law of the Sea
Ethnic groups 20 African ethnic groups 90% (Temne 30%, Mende 30%, other 30%), Creole (Krio) 10% (descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area in the late-18th century), refugees from Liberia's recent civil war, small numbers of Europeans, Lebanese, Pakistanis, and Indians mestizo 90%, Amerindian 1%, white 9%
Exchange rates leones per US dollar - 2,961.7 (2006), 2,889.6 (2005), 2,701.3 (2004), 2,347.9 (2003), 2,099 (2002) Salvadoran colones per US dollar - 8.755 (fixed rate since 1993)
Executive branch chief of state: President Ernest Bai KOROMA (since 17 September 2007); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government


head of government: President Ernest Bai KOROMA (since 17 September 2007)


cabinet: Ministers of State appointed by the president with the approval of the House of Representatives; the cabinet is responsible to the president


elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held 11 August 2007 and 8 September 2007 (next to be held in 2012)


election results: second round results; percent of vote - Ernest Bai KOROMA 54.6%, Solomon BEREWA 45.4%
chief of state:
President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

head of government:
President Francisco FLORES Perez (since 1 June 1999); Vice President Carlos QUINTANILLA Schmidt (since 1 June 1999); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government

cabinet:
cabinet selected by the president

elections:
president and vice president elected on the same ticket by popular vote for five-year terms; election last held 7 March 1999 (next to be held NA March 2004)

election results:
Francisco FLORES Perez elected president; percent of vote - Francisco FLORES (ARENA) 52%, Facundo GUARDADO (FMLN) 29%, Ruben ZAMORA (CDU) 7.5%, other (no individual above 3%) 11.5%
Exports NA bbl/day $2.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Exports - commodities diamonds, rutile, cocoa, coffee, fish offshore assembly exports, coffee, sugar, shrimp, textiles, chemicals, electricity
Exports - partners Belgium 52.1%, US 19.1%, Netherlands 6.8% (2006) US 63%, Guatemala 11%, Honduras 7%, Costa Rica 4% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year calendar year
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of light green (top), white, and light blue three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with the national coat of arms centered in the white band; the coat of arms features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL; similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which has a different coat of arms centered in the white band - it features a triangle encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom; also similar to the flag of Honduras, which has five blue stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band
GDP - purchasing power parity - $24 billion (2000 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture: 49%


industry: 31%


services: 21% (2001 est.)
agriculture:
12%

industry:
28%

services:
60% (1999 est.)
GDP - per capita - purchasing power parity - $4,000 (2000 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 7.1% (2006 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)
Geographic coordinates 8 30 N, 11 30 W 13 50 N, 88 55 W
Geography - note rainfall along the coast can reach 495 cm (195 inches) a year, making it one of the wettest places along coastal, western Africa smallest Central American country and only one without a coastline on Caribbean Sea
Heliports 2 (2007) 1 (2000 est.)
Highways - total:
10,029 km

paved:
1,986 km (including 327 km of expressways)

unpaved:
8,043 km (1997)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%: 0.5%


highest 10%: 43.6% (1989)
lowest 10%:
1.2%

highest 10%:
38.3% (1995)
Illicit drugs - transshipment point for cocaine; marijuana produced for local consumption; domestic drug abuse on the rise
Imports NA bbl/day $4.6 billion (f.o.b., 2000)
Imports - commodities foodstuffs, machinery and equipment, fuels and lubricants, chemicals raw materials, consumer goods, capital goods, fuels, foodstuffs, petroleum, electricity
Imports - partners Cote d'Ivoire 9.3%, US 7.7%, China 7.7%, Brazil 6.9%, UK 6.7%, Netherlands 5.5%, South Africa 4.5%, India 4.3%, France 4.2% (2006) US 52%, Guatemala 9%, Mexico 6%, Costa Rica 3% (1999)
Independence 27 April 1961 (from UK) 15 September 1821 (from Spain)
Industrial production growth rate NA% 5% (2000 est.)
Industries diamond mining; small-scale manufacturing (beverages, textiles, cigarettes, footwear); petroleum refining, small commercial ship repair food processing, beverages, petroleum, chemicals, fertilizer, textiles, furniture, light metals
Infant mortality rate total: 158.27 deaths/1,000 live births


male: 175.39 deaths/1,000 live births


female: 140.65 deaths/1,000 live births (2007 est.)
28.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 1% (2002 est.) 2.5% (2000 est.)
International organization participation ACP, AfDB, AU, C, ECOWAS, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, NAM, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM (observer), OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - 4 (2000)
Irrigated land 300 sq km (2003) 1,200 sq km (1993 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court; Appeals Court; High Court Supreme Court or Corte Suprema (judges are selected by the Legislative Assembly)
Labor force 1.369 million (1981 est.) 2.35 million (1999)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture: NA%


industry: NA%


services: NA%
agriculture 30%, industry 15%, services 55% (1999 est.)
Land boundaries total: 958 km


border countries: Guinea 652 km, Liberia 306 km
total:
545 km

border countries:
Guatemala 203 km, Honduras 342 km
Land use arable land: 7.95%


permanent crops: 1.05%


other: 91% (2005)
arable land:
27%

permanent crops:
8%

permanent pastures:
29%

forests and woodland:
5%

other:
31% (1993 est.)
Languages English (official, regular use limited to literate minority), Mende (principal vernacular in the south), Temne (principal vernacular in the north), Krio (English-based Creole, spoken by the descendants of freed Jamaican slaves who were settled in the Freetown area, a lingua franca and a first language for 10% of the population but understood by 95%) Spanish, Nahua (among some Amerindians)
Legal system based on English law and customary laws indigenous to local tribes; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction based on civil and Roman law, with traces of common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations
Legislative branch unicameral Parliament (124 seats; 112 members elected by popular vote, 12 filled by paramount chiefs elected in separate elections; to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held on 11 August 2007 (next to be held in 2012)


election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 59, SLPP 43, PMDC 10
unicameral Legislative Assembly or Asamblea Legislativa (84 seats; members are elected by direct popular vote to serve three-year terms)

elections:
last held 12 March 2000 (next to be held NA March 2003)

election results:
percent of vote by party - ARENA 36.1%, FMLN 35.14%, PCN 8.76%, PDC 7.08%, CD 5.32%, PAN 3.75%, USC 1.47%, PLD 1.29%; seats by party - ARENA 28, FMLN 31, PCN 14, PDC 5, CD 3, PAN 1, independent 2
Life expectancy at birth total population: 40.58 years


male: 38.36 years


female: 42.87 years (2007 est.)
total population:
70.03 years

male:
66.43 years

female:
73.81 years (2001 est.)
Literacy definition: age 15 and over can read and write English, Mende, Temne, or Arabic


total population: 35.1%


male: 46.9%


female: 24.4% (2004 est.)
definition:
age 10 and over can read and write

total population:
71.5%

male:
73.5%

female:
69.8% (1995 est.)
Location Western Africa, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Guinea and Liberia Middle America, bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between Guatemala and Honduras
Map references Africa Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims territorial sea: 12 nm


contiguous zone: 24 nm


exclusive economic zone: 200 nm


continental shelf: 200 nm
territorial sea:
200 NM
Merchant marine total: 113 ships (1000 GRT or over) 314,549 GRT/419,409 DWT


by type: bulk carrier 1, cargo 85, chemical tanker 4, combination ore/oil 1, container 4, liquefied gas 1, livestock carrier 1, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 7, roll on/roll off 4


foreign-owned: 47 (Belgium 1, China 8, Greece 1, Romania 2, Russia 5, Syria 8, Turkey 7, Ukraine 8, UAE 7) (2007)
none (2000 est.)
Military branches Republic of Sierra Leone Armed Forces (RSLAF): Army (includes Air Wing, Navy (Maritime Wing)) (2007) Army, Navy, Air Force
Military expenditures - dollar figure - $112 million (FY99)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 2.3% (2006) 0.7% (FY99)
Military manpower - availability - males age 15-49:
1,464,898 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service - males age 15-49:
929,263 (2001 est.)
Military manpower - military age - 18 years of age
Military manpower - reaching military age annually - males:
68,103 (2001 est.)
National holiday Independence Day, 27 April (1961) Independence Day, 15 September (1821)
Nationality noun: Sierra Leonean(s)


adjective: Sierra Leonean
noun:
Salvadoran(s)

adjective:
Salvadoran
Natural hazards dry, sand-laden harmattan winds blow from the Sahara (December to February); sandstorms, dust storms known as the Land of Volcanoes; frequent and sometimes very destructive earthquakes and volcanic activity
Natural resources diamonds, titanium ore, bauxite, iron ore, gold, chromite hydropower, geothermal power, petroleum, arable land
Net migration rate 0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population


note: refugees currently in surrounding countries are slowly returning (2007 est.)
-3.95 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.)
Political parties and leaders All People's Congress or APC [Ernest Bai KOROMA]; Peace and Liberation Party or PLP [Darlington MORRISON]; People's Movement for Democratic Change or PMDC [Charles MARGAI]; Sierra Leone People's Party or SLPP [Solomon BEREWA]; numerous others Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Rene AGUILUZ]; Democratic Convergence or CD (includes PSD, MNR, MPSC) [Ruben ZAMORA, secretary general]; Democratic Party or PD [Jorge MELENDEZ]; Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front or FMLN [Fabio CASTILLO]; Liberal Democratic Party or PLD [Kirio Waldo SALGADO, president]; National Action Party or PAN [Gustavo Rogelio SALINAS, secretary general]; National Conciliation Party or PCN [Ciro CRUZ Zepeda, president]; National Republican Alliance or ARENA [Walter ARAUJO]; Social Christian Union or USC (formed by the merger of Christian Social Renewal Party or PRSC and Unity Movement or MU) [Abraham RODRIGUEZ, president]
Political pressure groups and leaders trade unions and student unions labor organizations - Electrical Industry Union of El Salvador or SIES; Federation of the Construction Industry, Similar Transport and other activities, or FESINCONTRANS; National Confederation of Salvadoran Workers or CNTS; National Union of Salvadoran Workers or UNTS; Port Industry Union of El Salvador or SIPES; Salvadoran Union of Ex-Petrolleros and Peasant Workers or USEPOC; Salvadoran Workers Central or CTS; Workers Union of Electrical Corporation or STCEL; business organizations - National Association of Small Enterprise or ANEP; Salvadoran Assembly Industry Association or ASIC; Salvadoran Industrial Association or ASI
Population 6,144,562 (July 2007 est.) 6,237,662 (July 2001 est.)
Population below poverty line 70.2% (2004) 48% (1999 est.)
Population growth rate 2.292% (2007 est.) 1.85% (2001 est.)
Ports and harbors - Acajutla, Puerto Cutuco, La Libertad, La Union, Puerto El Triunfo
Radio broadcast stations AM 1, FM 9, shortwave 1 (2001) AM 61 (plus 24 repeaters), FM 30, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios - 2.75 million (1997)
Railways - total:
562 km

narrow gauge:
562 km 0.914-m gauge

note:
length of route which is operational is reduced to 283 km by disuse and lack of maintainance (2001)
Religions Muslim 60%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs 30% Roman Catholic 86%

note:
there is extensive activity by Protestant groups throughout the country; by the end of 1992, there were an estimated 1 million Protestant evangelicals in El Salvador
Sex ratio at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 0.964 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.877 male(s)/female


total population: 0.938 male(s)/female (2007 est.)
at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.9 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.82 male(s)/female

total population:
0.95 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment: marginal telephone and telegraph service


domestic: the national microwave radio relay trunk system connects Freetown to Bo and Kenema


international: country code - 232; satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) (2000)
general assessment:
NA

domestic:
nationwide microwave radio relay system

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
Telephones - main lines in use 24,000 (2002) 380,000 (1998)
Telephones - mobile cellular 113,200 (2003) 40,163 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 2 (1999) 5 (1997)
Terrain coastal belt of mangrove swamps, wooded hill country, upland plateau, mountains in east mostly mountains with narrow coastal belt and central plateau
Total fertility rate 6.01 children born/woman (2007 est.) 3.34 children born/woman (2001 est.)
Unemployment rate NA% 10% (2000 est.)
Waterways 800 km (600 km year round) (2005) Rio Lempa partially navigable
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